Jirayu Tangsrisuk Wiki, Age, Biography, Height, Girlfriend, Family, Images, And More
Jirayu Tangsrisuk (Thai:, born September 19, 1993) is a Thai actor, singer, and model better known as James Jirayu. Suphapburut Juthathep (2013), Timeline (2014), The One in My Heart (2015), The Loyal Wife (2016), Fallen Angel (2017), Underneath the Same Sky (2018), Game of Affection (2018), Repercussion (2019), Mist of Love (2020), and Prophecy of Love (2020) are some of his film and television drama roles.
Jirayu Tangsrisuk was born in the Thai town of Phichit. He is the youngest son of Sermchai and Shotika Tangsrisuk. Dr. Jularat Tangsrisuk, MD, is his older sister. His parents gave him the nickname "James" after James Bond (from the James Bond films). Jirayu attended high school at Phichit Phitthakhom School after finishing junior high school at Wachira Kindergarten, where he was also a territorial defence student.
He completed Grade 3, which implies he is equivalent and may apply for the title Staff Sergeant (completed Grade 3 combined with an academic degree), and he is also free from conscription. He pursued his education in radio and television broadcasting after graduating from high school at Rangsit University's Faculty of Communication Arts. Later that year, he was awarded a scholarship (The Artist), and he transferred to the Faculty of Business Administration, where he majored in Retail Business Management until graduation. In December 2017, he attended the graduation ceremony.
James Jirayu began dancing and singing at an early age and even had his own band in high school, where he played bass guitar. He began his modelling career after winning a model contest held by the cosmetics brand Mistine in 2011. In numerous interviews, he stated that he had never wanted to be an actor or a movie star because he was a timid child, but his mother did. He also had a strong interest in computers, particularly computer games, and thus desired to study and work in a field like Computer Science or Information Technology (IT) for his future profession.
Charnchalard Dhaweesap, the owner of the entertainment business "Meta Talent Management," discovered James' images on Facebook and scouted him in April 2012. Although seven other agencies approached him, he began his career in the entertainment industry under Charnchalard's management. On December 14, 2017, James stated in an interview that his contract with his manager (Charnchalard) had ended for a while, but Charnchalard's assistant, Siri Vorabutra, was still looking after him and assisting him with scheduling dramas, commercial advertising, and events. He also stated that his relationship with his ex-manager remained cordial. Charnchalard still gives him guidance on occasion.
Career
James Jirayu made his debut and came to prominence after appearing in the May 2013 lakorn Suphapburut Juthathep: Khun Chai Puttipat, [The Gentlemen of Juthathep (Thai: ; RTGS: Suphapburut Chuthathep)]. In September, he made his film debut in First Love, as well as two additional dramas, Thong Neu Gao (Angel Heart) and Ruk Sudrit (Race). In barely a year, James rose to become one of Thailand's most sought-after presenters/actors. His presenter fees were then probably exceeding those of the well-known actor Nadech Kugimiya.
James held his first concert, James Ji Monkey King Fan Meeting, in January 2014. His second film, Timeline alongside Jarinporn Joonkiat, was released in February (Okinawa International Movie Festival 2015 Special Screening Movie). He travelled to Vietnam with 365 Daband (a popular Vietnamese boy band) at the end of this year to see children with heart illnesses at Tam Duc Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City. He also made his Japanese debut when "Ruk Sudrit (Race)" aired on TBS Channel.
Michael Chevas published his first photo book (taken in Japan), JAMES JI UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL IN JAPAN, in April 2015. His drama Neung Nai Suang (The One in My Heart), starring Urassaya Sperbund, premiered in May. He held Magic James the Concert in June. When he travelled to Japan for two months to take singing and dancing lessons, he appeared as a guest on the stage of Tokyo Girls Collection (TGC) 2015 Autumn/Winter. In October, Lakorn Thai producer Da Hathairat revealed that James and Natapohn Tameeruks would star in "Yai Sanaeha," but this lakorn was shelved owing to a script-writing issue. James held his first fan meetup in Japan on November 9, attracting 600 individuals (fans and journalists). He came to Vietnam at the end of 2015 to take a martial arts training at Johnny Tri Nguyen's Lien Phong Academy in preparation for his upcoming drama Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife), which had several action scenes.
"Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife)," his second drama with Ranee Campen, premiered on January 13, 2016. In the same month, CH3 aired the TV show Tabi Japan with James Jirayu, which focused on the six Tohoku prefectures. He walked the runway for Yohji Yamamoto's 2016-17 Autumn-Winter Paris Men's Collection as a model. He made an appearance on the stage at the 22nd Tokyo Girls Collection 2016 Spring/Summer on March 19. Natapohn Tameeruks began filming for Nueng Dao Fa Diao (Under The Same Sky) and Game Sanaeha (Game of Affection / Game of Love). Kimi Dake I Love You, James' debut CD record and first photo album (taken by himself), was released in Japan in June 2016.
In 2017, James was ranked third among Thailand's top ten highest-paid actors. Buang Hong (Fallen Angel), his debut drama with Kimberley Anne Woltemas, premiered in March. In April, he appeared as "Demon King" in the Tokusatsu series Idol x Warrior Miracle Tunes!, which was shown on TV Tokyo. On May 19, 2017, he was appointed as the goodwill ambassador for Thailand and Japan's 130th anniversary of diplomatic relations. His Japanese short film Home Away From Home was posted on YouTube in June. James4D: Concert was place on September 19, 2017.
In April 2018, he was ranked second among Thailand's top seven highest-paid actors. In June 2018, it was announced that James and Preechaya Pongthananikorn would star in Yuttana Lorpanpaiboon's lakorn Prayakorn Sorn Ruk (Prophecy of Love).
He began filming his new drama Leh Banpakarn (Mist of Love) alongside Natapohn Tameeruks in early 2019.
His portrayal as "Ah-Sa" in Krong Kam (Repercussion), which aired from February 26 to April 30, 2019, has resulted in widespread adulation. He also received "Best Actor in a Leading Role" at the 11th Nataraja Awards in 2020 for his work as Ah-Sa. On October 29, 2020, the lakorn Krong Kam (Repercussion) got the "Special Awards for Foreign Dramas" honour at The Tokyo Drama Awards, The International Drama Festival in Tokyo (in TOKYO).
He released his debut mini music album SEE MORE on March 26, 2021. (Missing You) Always, Step by Step, Hold On, Till I Found You, and Cause of You are the album's five songs.
"OM! Cruch On Me!", an action drama, rom-com, and fantasy film starring Maylada Susri, will be released in theatres on December 2, 2021.
James Jirayu and Ranee Campen are one of Channel 3's top "Koojin (Imaginary couple)" or most shipped on-screen couples. "Jiranee" is what their supporters call them. In addition, he is well-known in Southeast Asia, China, and Japan.
Filmography
Television Dramas
| Year | Title | Role(s) | Network(s) | Notes |
|---|
| 2013 | Suphapburut Juthathep | M.R., M.D. Puttipat Juthathep (Khun Chai Pat) (His Excellency Puttipat Juthathep) | Channel 3/ Youku | A Thai lakorn consisting of 5 drama series |
| Khun Chai Taratorn | Main role |
| Khun Chai Pawornruj |
Khun Chai Puttipat "คุณชายพุฒิภัทร" | Lead role (with Ranee Campen) |
| Khun Chai Rachanon | Main role |
| Khun Chai Ronapee |
Thong Neu Gao (Angel Heart) "ทองเนื้อเก้า" | Phra Wanchalerm
(Monk Wanchalerm) | Channel 3 | Main role (with Woranuch Bhirombhakdi and Nathavudhi Skidjai) |
Ruk Sudrit (Race) "รักสุดฤทธิ์" | Itirit Patichat (Itt) | Channel 3/ TBS Channel (Japan) | Lead role (with Worakarn Rojjanawat) |
| 2015 | Neung Nai Suang (The One in My Heart) "หนึ่งในทรวง" | Anawat Phacharaphodchanath (Neung) | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Urassaya Sperbund) |
| 2016 | Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) "ปดิวรัดา [th]" | Saran Siwaweth | Channel 3/ TV5 (Philippine TV network)/ One Screen/ WeTV/ Youku/ iQIYI | Lead role (with Ranee Campen) |
| 2017 | Idol x Warrior Miracle Tunes! | Demon King | TV Tokyo | Supporting role; Credited as James Jirayu |
Buang Hong (Fallen Angel) "บ่วงหงส์" | Ramet Jirayuttanon | Channel 3/ Aunhui TV/ Youku | Lead role (with Kimberley Anne Woltemas) |
| 2018 | Nueng Dao Fa Diao (Underneath the Same Sky) "หนึ่งด้าวฟ้าเดียว" | Khanthong / Ok-luang Sri Khanthin / Ok-phra Sri Khanthin / Phra Sri Satcha | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Natapohn Tameeruks) |
| Game Sanaeha (Game of Affection / Game of Love) "เกมเสน่หา" | Luckanai Disathaphorn (Nai/ Lucky) | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Natapohn Tameeruks) |
| 2019 | Krong Kam (Repercussion) "กรงกรรม" | Kamol Asawarungruangkij (Sa, Ah-Sa) | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Ranee Campen and Mai Charoenpura) |
| 2020 | Leh Banpakarn (Mist of Love) "เล่ห์บรรพกาล" | Plerngfah (Plerng) / Khun (Baron) Uthaiyothin / Prince Ravi | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Natapohn Tameeruks) |
Payakorn Sorn Ruk (Prophecy of Love) "พยากรณ์ซ่อนรัก" | Theeruth (Thee) | Channel 3 | Lead role (with Preechaya Pongthananikorn) |
| 2021 | Karat Ruk (Are We Alright?) "กะรัตรัก" | Jarid Tangpipad (Ai) | Channel 3/ WeTV | Romantic comedy Lead role (with Anne Thongprasom) |
| 2022 | Pitsawart Kartagame (The Deadly Affair) "พิศวาสฆาตเกมส์" | Abhinand Thienvorravat (Ohm) | Channel 3/ Netflix | Romantic drama Lead role (with Yeena Salas) |
| 2023 | Matalada (To The Moon and Back) "มาตาลดา" | Doctor Purim (Pen-nueng) | Channel 3 | Rom-com and drama Lead role (with Jarinporn Joonkiat) |
| TBA | Lok Mun Rorb Ther (We and Us) "โลกหมุนรอบเธอ" | Mana Promdeedham | Channel 3 | Coming-of-age Lead role (with Maylada Susri) |
Films
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|
| 2012 | The Way | Tam |
|
| 2013 | First Love | Namnan |
|
| 2014 | Timeline | Tan | Lead role (with Jarinporn Joonkiat) |
| 2015 | Khun Thong Dang The Inspirations | Jon | Animation film; Voice only |
| 2017 | Home Away From Home | Backpacker | Japanese short film |
| 2021 | Ayothaya Maha Laluay (OM! Crush On Me!) "อโยธยา มหาละลวย" | Riao-sue | Action drama, romantic comedy and fantasy Lead role (with Maylada Susri) |
Television show(s) and YouTube program(s)
| Year | Title | Network | Notes |
|---|
| 2016 | Tabi Japan with James Jirayu | Channel 3 | Host |
| 2018 | KhonDeeTeeNhai | KhonDeeTeeNhai Official YouTube channel | Host |
| 2020 | Live Like Love | 7ElevenThailand's YouTube channel | Host |
Discography
Music Singles and Albums
| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|
| 2014 | Single (โสดเช็คอิน = Sod Check In) |
|
| My Lovely Angel | Korean song |
| 2015 | Would You Marry Me (แต่งงานกันนะ = Taeng Ngarn Gan Na) |
|
| Your Happiness" Special Song (ความสุขของเธอ = Kwam Suk Khong Ter) |
|
| Step (สเต็ป = Step) |
|
| 2016 | Loving You Too Much | Japanese song |
| Kimidake I Love You |
| 2021 | (Missing You) Always (เป็นประจำ = Pen Pra Cham) | Album: SEE MORE |
Step by Step (ค่อยๆ ไป = Koy Koy Pai) |
Hold On (วางใจ = Wang Jai) |
Till I Found You (กว่าจะมี... เธอ = Kwua Ja Me... Ter) |
Because Of You (ดื้อ = Due) |
Original Soundtracks and Music Videos
| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|
| 2013 | Only You (รักเธอคนเดียวเท่านั้น Rak Ter Kon Diew Taw Nan) | Ost. Ruk Sudrit (Race) |
| 2014 | Much Further is Closer (ไกลแค่ไหนคือใกล้)
(feat. Jarinporn Joonkiat) | Ost. Timeline |
| The Question with No Answer (คำถามซึ่งไร้คนตอบ) |
| 2015 | Kiss (จูบ)
(feat. Urassaya Sperbund) | Ost. Neung Nai Suang (The One In My Heart) |
| You're the One (หนึ่งเดียวคือเธอ) |
| 2016 | Every Molecule of My Heart (ทุกอณูหัวใจ) | Ost. Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) |
| 2017 | Choose to Love and to Be Hurt (รักเองช้ำเอง)
(feat. Manida Rueangsee) | Ost. Buang Hong (Fallen Angel) |
My Dearest (คำแพง) (feat. Zak Chumpae) | In Isan language (with subtitles in both Thai and English) |
| 2018 | Keep (It to Myself) (เก็บ) | Ost. Neung Dao Fah Diew (Underneath The Same Sky) |
| 2019 | Grey Heart (ใจสีเทา) | Ost. Krong Kam (Repercussion) |
| 2020 | Let Me Love You Again (ให้ฉันรักเธออีกครั้ง) (feat. Natapohn Tameeruks) | Ost. Leh Banpakarn (Mist of Love) |
| Love Never Dies (รักไม่มีวันตาย) Acoustic version | Ost. Leh Banpakarn (Mist of Love) |
| (I) Promise (สัญญา) | Ost. Payakorn Sorn Ruk (Prophecy of Love) |
| 2021 | Quarantine (กักตัว) (By Violette Wautier) | Starring |
Promotional singles
| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|
| 2013 | Let's Be Closer (มาอยู่ด้วยกันกับ) | AIS 3G 2100 CF |
| 2014 | Starting a New Day (เริ่มวันใหม่) | Minute Maid CF |
It's a Small World (บังเอิญ โลกกลม พรหมลิขิต)
(feat. Jarinporn Joonkiat) | Toyota Vios CF |
| (The) Song of Morning News (เพลงประจำรายการ เรื่องเล่าเช้านี้ ฉลองสู่ปีที่ 12) | Morning News 12th Anniversary |
| 2015 | Muang Thai, I Love You (รักเธอหมดหัวใจ) | Muang Thai Life Assurance |
| 2016 | Happy Birthday
(feat. Ranee Campen) | Channel 3 46th Anniversary |
| 2020 | Live Like Love (เพลงประกอบรายการ Live Like Love) | 7-Eleven Thailand |
Move On (ก้าวต่อไป) (feat. Thanawat Wattanaputi) | Nescafe Blend And Brew NESCAFÉ Thailand |
Concerts
- James Ji Monkey King Fan Meeting (2014)
- The K Festival Concert in Incheon, South Korea (2014)
- Lor Mak Mak Concert (2015)
- Magic James: The Concert (2015)
- Concert Love Is In The Air : Channel 3 Charity Concert (2017)
- James4D: Concert (2017)
- Concert We Will Love You: Channel 3 48th Anniversary (2018)
- AIS 30th Anniversary (2019)
Awards and nominations
| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result |
|---|
| 2013 | 11th Seventeen Choice Awards | Popularity Award – Male | — | Won |
| Crow Love Like Awards | Climax Category Actor | Won |
| 8th OK! Awards | Spotlight Award | Won |
| 2nd Kerd Awards | Born to Be Together (with Ranee Campen) | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Won |
| Born to Be Hot | — | Won |
| SeeSan Bunterng Awards | Popular Leading Actor of the Year | Suparpburut Juthathep, Thong Neu Gao, Ruk Sudrit | Won |
| Male Rising Star of the Year | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Won |
| 6th TV3 Fanclub Awards | Male Rising Star | Nominated |
| 2014 | 1st EFM Awards | Most Popular Actor | Ruk Sudrit (Race) | Won |
| 2nd The Nine Fever Awards | Drama King Fever | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Won |
| TOP Fever Award | Thong Neu Gao (Angel Heart) | Won |
| Recreational Entrepreneur of the Year | Recreational Activities Honor Plaque for Young People | — | Won |
| 11th Kom Chad Luek Awards | Best Actor | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Nominated |
| Popularity Award – Actor | Won |
| Buddhists World Visitation Day | Honorary Plaque | — | Won |
| 28th Golden Television Awards | Best Actor | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Nominated |
| 7th Nine Entertain Awards | Popularity Award | — | Won |
| 3rd Daradaily the Great Awards | Male Rising Star of the Year | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Won |
| Daradaily Front Page Darling of The Year | — | Won |
| 3rd Ganesha Award | Best Actor | Suparpburut Juthathep (The Gentlemen of Juthathep) | Won |
| Popularity Award | Won |
| Mother's Day Celebration | Child with Great Gratitude to Mother – Singers / Actors / Artists Category | — | Won |
| Zen Stylish Awards | Gentlemen Wear Distinctive Style of The Year | Won |
| Hamburger Awards | Cover of the Year | Won |
| Star's Light Awards | Charming Young | Won |
| Thai People for Example Awards | Young Leading Actor | Won |
| 7th TV3 Fanclub Awards | Most Popular Actor | Ruk Sudrit (Race) | Nominated |
| 8th Kazz Awards | Male Superstar of the Year | — | Nominated |
| Most Popular Actor | Nominated |
| Best Chemistry (with Ranee Campen) | Nominated |
| 2015 | 5th Kinnaree Awards | Young Leading Actor | Won |
| 12th Kom Chad Luek Awards | Popular Actor Award | Ruk Sudrit (Race) | Nominated |
| 8th Nine Entertain Awards | Popularity Award | — | Nominated |
| 4th Daradaily the Great Awards | Best Film Actor of the Year | Timeline | Won |
| Cool Guy of the Year | — | Won |
| 9th Kazz Awards | Male Superstar of the Year | Nominated |
| HOWE Awards | HOWE Popular Award | Won |
| 8th TV3 Fanclub Awards | Most Popular Actor | Neung Nai Suang (The One in My Heart) | Nominated |
| 1st Maya Awards | Popular Charming Male Star | — | Nominated |
| 2016 | 2nd TrueLife Awards | Best Leading Actor of the Year | Neung Nai Suang (The One in My Heart) | Nominated |
| 4th Ganesha Award | Best Actor | Won |
| Popularity Award | Won |
| 13th Kom Chad Luek Awards | Popular Actor Award | Nominated |
| 5th Daradaily the Great Awards | Best Drama Actor of the Year | Won |
| Mekkala Awards | Outstanding Male Actor | Won |
| Star Vote Good of The Year | — | Won |
| 10th Kazz Awards | Male Superstar of the Year | Won |
| Most Popular Actor | Nominated |
| Best Chemistry (with Ranee Campen) | Nominated |
| 9th Nine Entertain Awards | Popularity Award | Won |
| 9th The Golden Bell Awards | Outstanding Contribution to Society – Celebrity Category | Won |
| Golden Kinnaree Awards | Popular Artists | Won |
| 1st Dara Inside Awards | Best Male Celebrity of the Year | Won |
| Best Couple (with Ranee Campen) | Won |
| 2nd Maya Awards | Best Leading Actor (Drama) | Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) | Nominated |
| Best Chemistry (with Ranee Campen) | Nominated |
| Popular Song Award | "Every Molecule of My Heart" (ทุกอณูหัวใจ) | Nominated |
| 11th OK! Awards | Female Heartthrob | — | Nominated |
| 2017 | 6th Daradaily the Great Awards | Best Drama Actor of the Year | Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) | Nominated |
| 11th Kazz Awards | Male Superstar of the Year | — | Nominated |
| Most Popular Actor | Nominated |
| Best Chemistry (with Ranee Campen) | Nominated |
| 14th Kom Chad Luek Awards | Best Actor (Drama) | Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) | Nominated |
| Popular Actor Award | Nominated |
| 7th MThai Top Talk-About | Top Talk About Actor | Nominated |
| 10th Nine Entertain Award | Popularity Award | — | Nominated |
| 8th Nataraj Awards | Best Actor | Padiwaradda (The Loyal Wife) | Nominated |
| 5th Mangu Award | Thailand Headlines Person of the Year 2016–2017 | — | Won |
| 3rd Maya Awards | Best Leading Actor (Drama) | Buang Hong (Fallen Angel) | Won |
| 2nd Dara Inside Awards | Best Male Celebrity of the Year | — | Won |
| Best Couple (with Ranee Campen) | Won |
| 2018 | 7th Daradaily the Great Awards | Cool Guy of the Year | — | Nominated |
| 100 Asian Heartthrobs | Semi-finalist | Nominated |
| 6th Ganesha Awards | Best Actor in Leading Role (Historical drama series) | Nueng Dao Fa Diao (Underneath the Same Sky) | Won |
| 2019 | 2019 Asian Academy Creative Awards (AAA) | Best Actor in a Leading Role (Regional Winners) | Krong Kam (Repercussion) | Nominated |
| 2019 Kazz Awards | Best Couple of the Year (with Natapohn Tameeruks) | — | Nominated |
| 5th Maya Awards 2019 | Best Actor (Popular Vote Award) | Krong Kam (Repercussion) | Won |
| 33rd TV Gold Awards | Best Actor in a Leading Role | Nueng Dao Fa Diao (Underneath the Same Sky) | Nominated |
| 12th Nine Entertain Awards | Popularity Award | — | Won |
| 2020 | 8th HOWE Awards 2019 | HOWE Popular Actor Award | — | Won |
| 34th TV Gold Awards | Best Actor in a Leading Role | Krong Kam (Repercussion) | Nominated |
| Thai Crazy Awards 2020 | Best Couple (with Natapohn Tameeruks) | — | Won |
| Best Actor | Won |
| 11th Nataraja Awards | Best Actor in a Leading Role | Krong Kam (Repercussion) | Won |
| 6th Maya Awards 2020 | Charming Boy | — | Nominated |
| 2021 | 17th Kom Chad Luek Awards | Best Actor in a Leading Role | Leh Banpakarn (Mist of Love) | Nominated |
| Popular Vote - Actor | — | Nominated |
| 1st Siam Series Awards | Best Actor in a Leading Role |
| Nominated |
| 29th Bangkok Critics Assembly Awards | Best Actor | Nemesis | Nominated |
| 3rd Zoomdara Awards | Solo Artist of the year |
| Nominated |
| 2022 | Maya Entertain Awards | Charming Guy |
| Won |
|
| Best Actor |
| Nominated |
Jirayu Tangsrisuk Biography
| Name | Jirayu Tangsrisuk |
| Nickname | None |
| Gender | Male |
| Date of Birth | 19-Sep-1993 |
| Age in 2023 | 30 |
| Birth Place | Thailand |
| Country | Thailand |
| Nationality | Thai |
| Height | None (m) |
| Weight | Unknown (KGs) |
| Profession | TV Actor |
| Height | In Centimeters: Not known
In Meters: Not known
In Feet Inches: Not known |
| Weight | In KG: Not known
In Pound: Not known |
| Eye Color | - |
| Hair Color | - |
| Marital Status | Yet to update |
Some FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) about Jirayu Tangsrisuk.
- What is the Net Worth of Jirayu Tangsrisuk?
The Net Worth of Jirayu Tangsrisuk is $1.5 Million.
- What is the Height of Jirayu Tangsrisuk?
The height of Jirayu Tangsrisuk is None.
- Where is the birthplace of Jirayu Tangsrisuk?
The birthplace of Jirayu Tangsrisuk is Thailand
- What is the Date of Birth of Jirayu Tangsrisuk?
The birthday of Jirayu Tangsrisuk is on 19-Sep-1993.
- Is Jirayu Tangsrisuk Married?
The marital status of Jirayu Tangsrisuk is: Yet to update.
